英语测验语法年夜全——模样形状动词
21.7模样形状动词+ have +过往分词
1) may(might) have + done sth, can (could) have + done sth默示过往，料到过往时候里年夜概发作的事变。
Philip may (might) have been hurt seriously in the car accident.
Philip can (could) have been hurt seriously in the car accident.
2)must have +done sth，对过往时候里年夜概发作的事变的料到，语气较强，具有"一定"，"谅必"的意思。
---Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is still here.
---She must have gone by bus.
3) ought to have done sth, should have done sth
本应该做某事，而毕竟上并没有做。否定句默示"不该做某事而做了"。
You ought to (should) have been more careful in this experiment.
He ought not to have thrown the old clothes away.（毕竟上已扔了。）
ought to在语气上比should要强。
4) needn't have done sth本没需要做某事
I dressed very warmly for the trip, but Ineedn't have done so. The weather was hot.
5) would like to have done sth本打活动看成某事
I would like to have read the article, but I was very busy then.
21.8 should和ought to
should和ought to都为"应该"的意思，可用于各种人称。
---Ought he to go?
---Yes. I think he ought to.
默示要求，饬令时，语气由 should（应该）、had better最好）、must（必需）渐强。
21.9 had better默示"最好"
had better相称于一个助动词，它只要一种形式，它背面要跟动词底细。
had better do sth
had better not do sth
It is pretty cold. You'd better put on my coat.
She'd better not play with the dog.
had better have done sth默示与毕竟相反的功效，意为"正本最好"。
You had better have come earlier.
21.10 would rather默示"宁肯"
would rather do
would rather not do
would rather… than…宁肯……而不愿。
另有would sooner, had rather, had sooner都默示"宁肯"、"宁肯"的意思。
If I have a choice, I had sooner not continue my studies at this school.
I would rather stay here than go home. = I would stay here rather than go home.
典范例题
----Shall we go skating or stay at home?
----Which ___ do?
A. do you ratherB. would you rather C. will you rather D. should you rather
谜底B。本题考察模样形状动词rather的用法，would rather +do sth意为"宁肯"，本题为疑问句，would提早，所以选B。
21.11 will和would
留意：
1）would like； Would like to do = want to想要，为牢固搭配。
Would you like to go with me?
2）Will you…?Would you like…?默示一定含义的恳求挽劝时，疑问句中通俗用some,而不是any。
Would you like some cake?
3）否定构造顶用will，通俗不用would, won't you是一种委婉语气。
Won't you sit down?
21.12模样形状动词的回答体例
问句一定回答否定回答
Need you…?Yes, I must.No,I needn't
Must you…?/don't have to.
典范例题
1）---Could I borrow your dictionary?
---Yes, of course, you____.
A. mightB. will C. can D. should
谜底C.could默示委婉的语气，并不为时态。答语中of course，默示一定的语气，理睬某人做某事时，用can和 may来表达，不能用could或might。复习： will与you连用，用来提出要求或下饬令。should与you连用，用来提出奉劝。
2）---Shall I tell John about it?
---No, you ___. I've told him already.
A. needn'tB. wouldn'tC. mustn'tD. shouldn't
谜底A。needn't不用，不用。 wouldn't将不,不会的。 mustn't克制、不能。 shouldn't不该该。本题为不需要，不用的意思，使用needn't。
3）---Don't forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow.
---______.
A. I don't B.I won't C. I can'tD. I haven't
谜底B.will既可看成模样形状动词，表恳求、发起、也可作为实义动词表"自愿、意志、刻意"，本题默示刻意，选B。
21.13带to的模样形状动词
带to的模样形状动词有四个：ought to, have to, used to, be to,如加上have got to ,(=must), be able to，为六个。它们的疑问，否定形式应予以留意：
Do they have to pay their bill before the end of the month?
She didn't use to play tennis before she was fourteen.
You ought not to have told her all about it.
Ought he to see a heart specialist at once.?
ought to自己作为模样形状动词利用。其他的词作为实义动词利用，变疑问，否定时，须有do等助动词帮助。
典范例题
Tom ought not to ___ me your secret, but he meant no harm.
A.have toldB.tellC.be tellingD. having told
谜底A。因为后句为过往时，通知秘密的举措又发作在其前因，此地使用过往完成时，但它在模样形状动词 ought to后，所以用have。
21.14比较need和dare
这两词既可做实义动词用，又可做模样形状动词用。作为模样形状动词，两者都只能用于疑问句，否定句和前提句。 need作实义动词时背面的不定式必需带to，而dare作实义动词用时,背面的to时常可以被省略。
1)实义动词： need（需要,要求）
need + n. / to do sth
2)模样形状动词： need，只用底细need后加do，否定形式为need not。
Need you go yet?
Yes, I must. / No, I needn't.
3) need的主动含义：need, want, require, worth（描述词）背面接doing也可以默示主动：
need doing = need to be done

关键字：语法 模样形状动词 英语语法模样形状动词 模样形状动词 模样形状动词的用法 模样形状动词默示预测