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'<br /><br /> <P> 摘要:比年起因于促销不当而招致消耗者遭到人身、财政等危险的事例赓续,响应的危殆事变增多。虽然政府接纳了一系列范例企业促销活动的步伐,但促销危险形式多样界定难。在海内外相关钻研的基础上,经由历程案例申明,对促销危险危殆的不雅观点、分类及其应对体例举行了阐释,不但丰硕了营销平安钻研的内容,让企业进一步了解促销危险带来的直接负面效应,从而有助于范例其本身的促销活动,同时也为其拟定更加有效的促销组合供给决议计划根据。 <p></p> 关键词:促销危险危殆;虚伪促销;人身危险;财政危险 <p></p> <p></p> 比年来,跟着中国融进世界经济的历程赓续加速,中国市场上的超市数量猛增,这直接招致了超市之间的狠恶竞争。在这种情况下,超市促销正变得越来越频仍和多样化。虽然我国在2006年10月出台了《零售商促销活动管理办法》试图范例零售商的促销活动,但因为促销而招致消耗者遭到人身、财物等危险的例子仍旧屡见不鲜,如重庆家乐福超市促销践踏事变、充满市场的虚伪促销事变等。<p></p> <p></p> 经由历程对海内外有关文献的检索,对营销危殆的钻研重要触及到产物危险危殆、价钱危险危殆、促销危险危殆等三方面,其中对产物危险危殆的钻研较为系统,钻研功效相对较多,而对后两类危殆的钻研较少。针对促销危险事变频频发作的理想,虽然政府接纳了一系列范例步伐,但因为促销危险形式多样界定难,加之企业没有认识到这一题目对其将来运营形成危险的重要性,所以对促销危险危殆理想举行深进钻研具有理想与理想意义,不但可以丰硕营销平安钻研的内容,让企业进一步了解促销危险带来的直接负面效应,从而更有助于范例其本身的促销活动,着眼于企业的长远生长,同时也为其拟定更加有效的促销组合供给决议计划根据。 <p></p> <p></p> 一、促销危险的钻研近况 <p></p> <p></p> 1.促销危险与企业营销品德钻研。经由历程文献检索,发明触及促销危险中的虚伪促销、价钱敲诈方面钻研功效较多。20世纪50年代末60年代初,美国在战后完成了经济的快速生长,同时也发作了一系列企业运营丑闻,如纳贿、拟定把持价钱、敲诈生意、污染情况等。公家对此反响激烈,要求政府对此举行盘问拜访。1962年,美国政府公布了《对企业伦理及响应办法的声明(A Statement on Business Ethics and a Call for Action)》,表达了公家对企业中的伦理题目的极年夜关注。 </P><P> 跟着市场经济的生长,介入钻研企业品德的学者从宗教学者扩展到哲学学者、经济学者及企业管理者,重要钻研了企业的社会责任、品德在经济决议计划中的感化以及影响企业营销品德行决议计划身分等题目。我国粹者甘碧群(1994)传授在《企业营销品德状况及其影响身分初探》一文中对违背营销品德的现象举行了回纳总结,其中触及了企业促销范围中的不品德营销活动,诸如计划与播送虚伪广告,误导性广告及内容,形式不康健的广告,操作及逼迫主顾购买,在推销中实施贿赂,滥用有奖销售招徕主顾,虚设有奖销售欺骗主顾等。<p></p> <p></p> 为了对企业营销品德综合状况举行评价,甘碧群传授等人在企业营销品德水准测试的目标系统和评价体例等方面举行了年夜量钻研。欧阳电平和甘碧群(1998),提出从营销调研、产物决议计划、价钱决议计划、分销决议计划和促销决议计划五方面评价企业营销品德综合状况;甘碧群与寿志刚(2004)经由历程探测性调研确定了影响营销品德水准评价的企业营销活动,并在定量调研基础上确定了企业营销品德水准的测评体例;在企业营销活动的品德感知与揣测方面,甘碧群与曾伏娥(2004)经由历程实证申明归结综合了企业营销品德五年夜目标评价系统。<p></p> <p></p> 2007年余云珠宣布了《浅谈企业在促销中的营销品德题目》,申明了促销中存在的五年夜品德题目并提出改进步伐。从总体下去看,在相称一部分关于营销品德的钻研功效中都包括了不品德促销活动,并且通俗钻研都将企业的不品德营销活动分为产物、价钱、销售渠道、促销四个方面来论述。<p></p> <p></p> 2.促销危险与消耗者活动反响反应。外洋学者重要钻研了虚伪和夸张的参考价钱对消耗者感知代价及购买自愿的影响,Monroe and Chapman(1987) and Grewal and Montoe(1991)提出了关于对比价钱广告的不雅观点模型。根据不雅观点模型,企业在广告中供给的参考价钱、销售价钱、消耗者节省金额等价钱信息,影响消耗者感知质量及内涵参考价钱,进而影响感知代价,并最终影响消耗者购买自愿及对更低价钱的追求自愿。因此,如果广告转达了被夸张的参考价钱,这将提高消耗者的感知质量和内部参考价钱,从而影响消耗者的购买活动和低价追求活动。 </P><P> 钻研还表明,经由历程发明更多节省的印象,高的参考价钱提高感知代价及购买自愿(Bames 1975;Bearden et al. 1984;Delia Bitta et al. 1981;Friedmanet al. 1982;Inman et al. 1990;Keiserand Krum 1976;Urbany et al. 1988;Varadarajan 1986),即便消耗者对这种夸张的参考价钱并不完全相信,消耗者也年夜概增加感知代价(Urbany et al. 1998)。Keiser and Krum(1976) and Urbany et al. (1998)的钻研功效还表明,虚伪或夸张的参考价钱误导消耗者并淘汰其搜索更低折扣的自愿。实证钻研显现如许一个功效:折扣越年夜,消耗者感知代价越年夜、购买自愿越激烈,而追求更低价钱的自愿越不激烈(Berkowitz and Walton 1980;Burton and Lichtenstein 1988;Chapman 1987;Delia Bitta et al. 1981;Friedman et al. 1982;Fry and McDougall 1974;Lichtenstein and Bearden 1989;Lichtenstein et al. 1989;Mobley et al. 1988;Moore and Olshavsky 1989;Oglesby 1984;Raju and Hastak 1983)。<p></p> <p></p> 可是,如果消耗者赖以做出判定的参考价钱显然是虚伪的时,消耗者对品牌发作的负反响反应反而会低落其感知代价(Lichtenstein and Bearden 1986;Lichtenstein et al. 1989)。从品德的视角看,作为管理者该当在对比价钱广告中接纳真实的参考价钱,这可淘汰欺骗的危害并年夜概更高效地影响消耗者的消耗选择(Moore and Olshavsky 1989),零售商该当自问当:他们关于不实的对比价钱完全显露后消耗者能否会变得气愤,并感受到受欺骗,从而影响品牌忠实(Larry D. Compeau ,Dhruv Grewal and Diana S. Grewal,1995)。</P><P> 我国粹者卢长宝(2005)从学术和理想角度对虚伪促销举行了一定程度的申明,他在《虚伪促销对消耗者认知和活动的影响》一文中提出,因为遭到虚伪促销耐久的安慰与强化,消耗者对企业正常促销发作了与虚伪、欺骗等义的社会刻板印象,而疑价效应、疑质效应、库存效应和逾期效应等不但会低落消耗者对正常促销的感化,并且还会提高其理性活动,并直接招致全部促销苦守的低落。</P><P> 3.促销危险与法则政策。美国粹者关于虚伪促销广告的虚伪性质,敲诈活动若何认定的钻研较多。比年来,美国出现了年夜量关于反对重要零售商接纳对比价钱广告的诉讼案件(Grewal,1991)。马里兰州起诉了May百货公司公布欺骗性的对比价钱广告。May百货公司在广告中所宣称的正常价钱虚伪,公司向来没有以该价钱销售过产物(Grewal,1991),敲诈在信息漏失落时也年夜概发作,Blair and Landon(1981)发明漏失落参考价钱而仅标上推行价招致消耗者料到消耗节省,料到节省年夜于理想节省时广告是欺骗性的。如果参考价钱是真实的并且消耗者做临盆质量量推论也仅仅参照参考价钱,那么对比价钱广告不存在欺骗而是通报信息;如果参考价钱是真实的,可是消耗者做临盆质量量推论是根据促销价举行的,那么也不存在欺骗,但较低的产质量量感知将低落广告产物的品牌资产(Sawyer and Dickson 1984);如果参考价钱被夸张并且消耗者根据这一参考价钱做临盆质量量推论,那么存在欺骗;另外,如果参考价钱被夸张,即便消耗者是根据促销价钱做临盆质量量推论的,但也赶上了法则界说的敲诈,平正商业委员会和状师综合办公室将决议这一误传能否是本性性的,否起诉(Richards,1990a)。 </P><P> 海内针对比年来年夜量出现的虚伪促销、促销践踏事变等促销危险现象,也涌现了一批从法则上若何认定危险、承当何种责任的钻研文章。刘博、向歆(2007)在《论惹人曲解的虚伪商业宣传活动的认定尺度》一文中,从外洋理想及立法角度,连系我国2007年新实施的《最高人夷易近法院关于审理不合法竞争夷易近事案件使用法则若干题目的注释》,申明了惹人曲解虚伪宣传活动的认定尺度。 </P><P> 综上所述,学术界关于促销危险的系统钻研较为缺乏,但对促销危险中的虚伪促销部分钻研相对较多,这些钻研重要从营销品德、守法活动认定及虚伪促销自己对消耗者活动的影响三方面举行,尤其是在假造参考价钱促销方面的钻研较多也较深进。 <p></p> <p></p> 二、促销危险危殆的不雅观点 <p></p> <p></p> 在市场营销理想中,促销有狭义和狭义之分。依照科特勒在《营销管理》一书中的论述,狭义的促销是指为了提高企业销售额而接纳的包括销售促进、广告、人员推销和大众干系四年夜促销组合在内的营销体例;狭义的促销仅是指销售促进,是指企业经由历程供给各种短期诱因(如打折、买赠、优惠等),促进销售增加的一种营销手腕。有别于制造型企业的消耗者促销和商业促销,零售促销(Robert C.等,1993)是指零售企业面向终端消耗者的促销。根据美国市场营销协会的注释,零售企业所接纳的公布信息、打折优惠等的统统安慰消耗者购买的体例都叫做零售促销。根据邝鸿西席在《现代市场学》一书中的论述,在美国零售业界,销售促进和促销常常被视为同义语。经由历程考察,在海内遍及的动静媒体、大众批评中谈及零售企业促销时,其涵义都重如果指销售促进。因此,为范例起见,本文中所提及的零售企业的促销均是指狭义的促销涵义,即销售促进。</P><P> 以往的钻研并未对促销危险危殆的不雅观点做出界定,经由历程检索海内有关促销钻研的论文(1996-2006年),以及卢长宝在其文章《虚伪促销对消耗者认知及活动影响》中的论述,再连系国家商务部于2005年底正式出台的旨在范例零售促销、打击虚伪促销的《零售商促销活动管理办法》,警惕产物危险危殆的界说(产物危险危殆是指偶尔出现并被遍及宣传的关于某个产物是出缺陷或是对消耗者有危险的事变(Siomkos and Kurzbard 1994)),本文以为促销危险危殆是指因为企业促销构造失落误或接纳虚伪的、与毕竟不符的促销捏词、促销刻日、促销范围、促销价钱和促销体例,而出现的对消耗者人身、财政等形成的危险。 <p></p> <p></p> 三、促销危险危殆的分类 <p></p> <p></p> 为了钻研不合的促销危险范例对消耗者购买自愿的影响,有需要对促销危险危殆举行得当分类。经由历程对理想中促销危险的详细案例申明,同时警惕产物危险危殆的分类,本文以为促销危险危殆可以从以下两个方面举行分类: </P><P> 1.根据促销活动能否违背国家法则法规,分为可辩白促销危险危殆与不可辩白促销危险危殆。在产物危险危殆的钻研中,刚正(2007)根据Smith,Larry(2003)对产物责任危殆的分类将产物危险危殆分为可辩白型和不可辩白型两类,并经由历程多个案例举行了检验,其分别的尺度是产物缺陷能否违背相干产物法规宁静安尺度。<p></p> <p></p> 基于刚正的钻研功效,本文经由历程对促销危险危殆的案例申明,发明促销危险危殆也可分为两年夜类:可辩白型促销危险危殆和不可辩白型促销危险危殆,两类促销危险危殆的分类根据是促销活动能否违背国家的法则法规及管理规章。可辩白型促销危险危殆没有违背国家的法则法规,企业可以在媒体或法庭上廓清;不可辩白型促销危险危殆违背了国家的法则法规及管理规章,企业无法澄淸和证明自己,年夜概引致诉讼案件或政府责罚。如北京家乐福虚伪促销价钱危殆事变,因为企业违背了国家法则法规,假造原价欺骗消耗者,末了被国家主管部分处以重罚。很显然,面临不合品种的促销危险危殆时,企业的应对体例清楚有所不合。 </P><P> 2.根据促销危险危殆形成消耗者可考察危险的范例分为人身危险危殆与财政危险危殆。经由历程案例的申明回纳,发明促销危险危殆对消耗者的危险有人身危险、财政危险、心理危险等方面。人身危险是指消耗者身段所遭到的危险,财政危险是指消耗者款项所遭到的丧失落,心理危险是指消耗者因为不当促销在消耗感情、购买自愿等方面遭到的危险,在这些危险中足以组成危殆事变并可考察的促销危险危殆是人身危险危殆和财政危险危殆。 <p></p><p></p> 四、促销危险危殆的企业应对体例 <p></p> <p></p> 经由历程案例申明可发明促销危险危殆发作后,危殆企业接纳的应对体例是处于“否定辩白”到“积极程度责任”之间的多种年夜概,重要有以下几种: </P><P> 1. 置之不理,无应对。尽年夜年夜都零售企业在促销危险危殆发作后多接纳缄默不语、不予回应的处理体例,寄希看于局势天然停歇。 <p></p> 2. 积极廓清。企业诚实地就促销危险危殆中反应的题目举行积极注释、廓清,以消弭公家及媒体对企业的曲解。 <p></p> 3. 积极承当责任,公开道歉。企业接纳积极步伐应对危险危殆,对出现的题目加以改正,同时对形成的危险举行补偿,事后检验事变反应出来的题目,向公家境歉。 <p></p> 4. 否定辩白。企业否定存在危险活动,并为出现的题目举行辩白,力求申明企业在事变中不存在责任及不对。 </P><P> 从总体下去看,企业积极廓清、积极承当责任、公开道歉被以为是企业面临危殆时的积极应对体例,而置之不理、否定辩白被以为是悲不雅观应对体例。 <p></p> <p></p> 五、进一步钻研的方向 <p></p> <p></p> 在对促销危险危殆的不雅观点、分类、企业应对体例举行理想探讨的基础上,还需要对促销危险危殆发作后对消耗者购买自愿的影响情况举行迷信钻研,即促销危险发作后消耗者对事变超市、事变产物、事变超市外的连锁超市的购买自愿的转变。这一钻研将以零售商身看、促销性质、危险缘故原因、危险转达范围、企业应对体例等作为自变量,钻研它们的转变对消耗者购买自愿这一因变量的影响情况。 <p></p> <p></p> 参考文献: <p></p> [1]卢长宝. 虚伪促销对消耗者认知及活动的影响[J].湘潭师范学院学报(社会迷信版),2005,27(4):55-58. <p></p> [2]刚正. 产物危险危殆应对体例对主顾感知危险的影响——基于中国消耗者的实证钻研[J].经济系统体例革新,2007(3).<p></p> [3]刚正. 产物危险危殆的不雅观点、分类与应对体例钻研[J].临盆力钻研,2007(4). <p></p> [4]刚正.产物危险危殆中主顾年龄与其购买自愿的差异性钻研[J].临盆力钻研,2007(16). <p></p> [5]欧阳电平,甘碧群.企业营销品德测试与评价系统钻研[J].武汉年夜学学报(自迷信版),1998(2):53-56. <p></p> [6]甘碧群,寿志刚.企业营销品德水准测试的目标系统及评价体例钻研[J].南管理批评,2004(7):11-16. <p></p> [7]甘碧群,曾伏娥.企业营销活动的品德感知与揣测:消耗者视角[J].管理世界,2004(7):86-92. <p></p> [8]杨杰. 消耗者对超市促销的立场及其对购买活动的影响[Z].中国硕士论文数据库,2005. <p></p> [9]刘博,向歆.论惹人曲解的虚伪宣传活动的认定尺度[J].阛阓现代化,2007(9下).<p></p> [10]张涛.一年后再看家乐福虚伪宣传案[J].工商行政管理,2006(22). <p></p> [11]王晶.践踏中受伤的阛阓促销[J].湖南平安与防灾,2007(7). <p></p> [12]余云珠.浅谈企业在促销中的营销品德题目[J].科技信息,2007(17). <p></p> [13]王晓玉,吴纪元,晁钢令.产物危险危殆及其处理历程对消耗者思量集的影响——基于中国消耗者的实证申明[C].中公营销迷信学术会论述文集,2005:230-241. <p></p> [14]臻实.商业促销价钱敲诈活动的十种显现形式[J].中国物价,2006(8). <p></p> [15]Compeau,Larry D. and Dhruv Grewal. “Comparative Price Advertising: A Methodological Review and Critique,” in AMA Educators’ Proceedings,Chicago,III.: American Marketing Association,1990:56. <p></p> [16]Delia Bitta,Albert J.,Kent B. Monroe,and John M. McGinnis (1981),“Consumer Perceptions of Comparative Price Advertisements,” Journal of Marketing Research,1981,18(11): 416-427. <p></p> [17]Dodds,William B.,Kent B. Monroe,and Dhruv Grewal (1991),“The Effects of Price,Brand,and Store Information on Buyers’ Product Evaluations,” Journal of Marketing Research,1991,28(8):307-319. <p></p> [18]Friedman,Hershey H.,Philip E. Weingaten,Linda W. Friedman,and Ralph Gallay .“The Effects of Various Price Markdowns on Consumers’ Ratings of a New Product,” Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,1982,10 (Fall):432-437. <p></p> [19]Gardner,David M.“Deception in Advertising: A Conceptual Approach”,Journal of Marketing,1975,39 (1): 40-46. <p></p> [20]Inman,J. Jeffrey,Leigh McAlister,and Wayne Hoyer. Promotion Signal: Proxy for a Price CAV Journal of Consumer Research,1990,17 (6):74-81. <p></p> [21]Jones,Mary Gardner. The Federal Trade Commission in 1968: Times of “Turmoil and Response,” Journal of Public Policy A. Marketing,1988(7):1-10. <p></p> [22]Kinnear,Thomas C. and Ann R. Root. “The FTC and Deceptive Advertising in the 1980s: Are Consumers Being Adequately Protected”? Journal of Public Policy & Marketing,1988(7):40-48. <p></p> [23]Urbany,Joel E.,William O. Bearden,and Dan C. Weilbaker. “The Effect of Plausible and Exaggerated Reference Prices on Consumer Perceptions and Price Search”,Journal of Consumer Research,1988,15 (6):95-110. <p></p> [24]Grewal,Dhruv and Diana S. Grewal. “Pricing Responsibility: The Retailer or the State?” Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,1991,19 (Summer):276-277.</P><P><p></p> </P> <br /><br />' |
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'show' => 'show.html',
'category' => 'category.html',
'list' => 'list.html',
'search' => 'search.html',
),
'linkurl' => '',
'admin' =>
array (
),
'member' =>
array (
),
'html' => 0,
'chtml' => 0,
),
'displayorder' => '0',
'mid' => 'news',
'pcatpost' => 0,
'topid' => '1',
'catids' =>
array (
0 => '10',
),
'is_post' => 1,
'tid' => 1,
'url' => 'http://www.ecdoo.com/news-seo.html',
'total' => '请使用count标签查询',
'field' =>
array (
),
),
11 =>
array (
'id' => '11',
'pid' => '1',
'pids' => '0,1',
'name' => '电子商务',
'dirname' => 'ecommerce',
'pdirname' => 'yingxiao/',
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'disabled' => '0',
'ismain' => 1,
'childids' => 11,
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array (
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'seo' =>
array (
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'template' =>
array (
'pagesize' => '20',
'mpagesize' => '20',
'show' => 'show.html',
'category' => 'category.html',
'list' => 'list.html',
'search' => 'search.html',
),
'linkurl' => '',
'admin' =>
array (
),
'member' =>
array (
),
'html' => 0,
'chtml' => 0,
),
'displayorder' => '0',
'mid' => 'news',
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array (
0 => '11',
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'is_post' => 1,
'tid' => 1,
'url' => 'http://www.ecdoo.com/news-ecommerce.html',
'total' => '请使用count标签查询',
'field' =>
array (
),
),
12 =>
array (
'id' => '12',
'pid' => '1',
'pids' => '0,1',
'name' => '国内营销',
'dirname' => 'domestic',
'pdirname' => 'yingxiao/',
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'ismain' => 1,
'childids' => 12,
'thumb' => '',
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array (
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array (
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'template' =>
array (
'pagesize' => '20',
'mpagesize' => '20',
'show' => 'show.html',
'category' => 'category.html',
'list' => 'list.html',
'search' => 'search.html',
),
'linkurl' => '',
'admin' =>
array (
),
'member' =>
array (
),
'html' => 0,
'chtml' => 0,
),
'displayorder' => '0',
'mid' => 'news',
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'topid' => '1',
'catids' =>
array (
0 => '12',
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'is_post' => 1,
'tid' => 1,
'url' => 'http://www.ecdoo.com/news-domestic.html',
'total' => '请使用count标签查询',
'field' =>
array (
),
),
13 =>
array (
'id' => '13',
'pid' => '1',
'pids' => '0,1',
'name' => '行业推广',
'dirname' => 'industry',
'pdirname' => 'yingxiao/',
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'disabled' => '0',
'ismain' => 1,
'childids' => 13,
'thumb' => '',
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array (
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array (
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'template' =>
array (
'pagesize' => '20',
'mpagesize' => '20',
'show' => 'show.html',
'category' => 'category.html',
'list' => 'list.html',
'search' => 'search.html',
),
'linkurl' => '',
'admin' =>
array (
),
'member' =>
array (
),
'html' => 0,
'chtml' => 0,
),
'displayorder' => '0',
'mid' => 'news',
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'topid' => '1',
'catids' =>
array (
0 => '13',
),
'is_post' => 1,
'tid' => 1,
'url' => 'http://www.ecdoo.com/news-industry.html',
'total' => '请使用count标签查询',
'field' =>
array (
),
),
14 =>
array (
'id' => '14',
'pid' => '1',
'pids' => '0,1',
'name' => '商人感悟',
'dirname' => 'merchant',
'pdirname' => 'yingxiao/',
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'disabled' => '0',
'ismain' => 1,
'childids' => 14,
'thumb' => '',
'show' => '1',
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array (
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array (
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array (
'pagesize' => '20',
'mpagesize' => '20',
'show' => 'show.html',
'category' => 'category.html',
'list' => 'list.html',
'search' => 'search.html',
),
'linkurl' => '',
'admin' =>
array (
),
'member' =>
array (
),
'html' => 0,
'chtml' => 0,
),
'displayorder' => '0',
'mid' => 'news',
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'topid' => '1',
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array (
0 => '14',
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'is_post' => 1,
'tid' => 1,
'url' => 'http://www.ecdoo.com/news-merchant.html',
'total' => '请使用count标签查询',
'field' =>
array (
),
),
89 =>
array (
'id' => '89',
'pid' => '1',
'pids' => '0,1',
'name' => '国内营销',
'dirname' => 'china',
'pdirname' => 'yingxiao/',
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'disabled' => '0',
'ismain' => 1,
'childids' => 89,
'thumb' => '',
'show' => '1',
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array (
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array (
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array (
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'mpagesize' => '20',
'show' => 'show.html',
'category' => 'category.html',
'list' => 'list.html',
'search' => 'search.html',
),
'admin' =>
array (
),
'member' =>
array (
),
'linkurl' => '',
'html' => 0,
'chtml' => 0,
),
'displayorder' => '0',
'mid' => 'news',
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'topid' => '1',
'catids' =>
array (
0 => '89',
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'is_post' => 1,
'tid' => 1,
'url' => 'http://www.ecdoo.com/news-china.html',
'total' => '请使用count标签查询',
'field' =>
array (
),
),
90 =>
array (
'id' => '90',
'pid' => '1',
'pids' => '0,1',
'name' => '创新营销',
'dirname' => 'innovative',
'pdirname' => 'yingxiao/',
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'ismain' => 1,
'childids' => 90,
'thumb' => '',
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array (
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array (
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array (
'pagesize' => '20',
'mpagesize' => '20',
'show' => 'show.html',
'category' => 'category.html',
'list' => 'list.html',
'search' => 'search.html',
),
'linkurl' => '',
'admin' =>
array (
),
'member' =>
array (
),
'html' => 0,
'chtml' => 0,
),
'displayorder' => '0',
'mid' => 'news',
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'topid' => '1',
'catids' =>
array (
0 => '90',
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'is_post' => 1,
'tid' => 1,
'url' => 'http://www.ecdoo.com/news-innovative.html',
'total' => '请使用count标签查询',
'field' =>
array (
),
),
91 =>
array (
'id' => '91',
'pid' => '1',
'pids' => '0,1',
'name' => '商务谈判',
'dirname' => 'negotiation',
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'ismain' => 1,
'childids' => 91,
'thumb' => '',
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array (
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'seo' =>
array (
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array (
'pagesize' => '20',
'mpagesize' => '20',
'show' => 'show.html',
'category' => 'category.html',
'list' => 'list.html',
'search' => 'search.html',
),
'linkurl' => '',
'admin' =>
array (
),
'member' =>
array (
),
'html' => 0,
'chtml' => 0,
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'displayorder' => '0',
'mid' => 'news',
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'topid' => '1',
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array (
0 => '91',
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'is_post' => 1,
'tid' => 1,
'url' => 'http://www.ecdoo.com/news-negotiation.html',
'total' => '请使用count标签查询',
'field' =>
array (
),
),
92 =>
array (
'id' => '92',
'pid' => '1',
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'name' => '市场开发',
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'childids' => 92,
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array (
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array (
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array (
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'mpagesize' => '20',
'show' => 'show.html',
'category' => 'category.html',
'list' => 'list.html',
'search' => 'search.html',
),
'linkurl' => '',
'admin' =>
array (
),
'member' =>
array (
),
'html' => 0,
'chtml' => 0,
),
'displayorder' => '0',
'mid' => 'news',
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'topid' => '1',
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array (
0 => '92',
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'is_post' => 1,
'tid' => 1,
'url' => 'http://www.ecdoo.com/news-development.html',
'total' => '请使用count标签查询',
'field' =>
array (
),
),
93 =>
array (
'id' => '93',
'pid' => '1',
'pids' => '0,1',
'name' => '调查报告',
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'childids' => 93,
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array (
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array (
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array (
'pagesize' => '20',
'mpagesize' => '20',
'show' => 'show.html',
'category' => 'category.html',
'list' => 'list.html',
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),
'linkurl' => '',
'admin' =>
array (
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'member' =>
array (
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'html' => 0,
'chtml' => 0,
),
'displayorder' => '0',
'mid' => 'news',
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'topid' => '1',
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array (
0 => '93',
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'is_post' => 1,
'tid' => 1,
'url' => 'http://www.ecdoo.com/news-report.html',
'total' => '请使用count标签查询',
'field' =>
array (
),
),
94 =>
array (
'id' => '94',
'pid' => '1',
'pids' => '0,1',
'name' => '营销方案',
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'ismain' => 1,
'childids' => 94,
'thumb' => '',
'show' => '1',
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array (
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array (
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'template' =>
array (
'pagesize' => '20',
'mpagesize' => '20',
'show' => 'show.html',
'category' => 'category.html',
'list' => 'list.html',
'search' => 'search.html',
),
'linkurl' => '',
'admin' =>
array (
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'member' =>
array (
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'html' => 0,
'chtml' => 0,
),
'displayorder' => '0',
'mid' => 'news',
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'topid' => '1',
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array (
0 => '94',
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'is_post' => 1,
'tid' => 1,
'url' => 'http://www.ecdoo.com/news-programs.html',
'total' => '请使用count标签查询',
'field' =>
array (
),
),
95 =>
array (
'id' => '95',
'pid' => '1',
'pids' => '0,1',
'name' => '营销案例',
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'ismain' => 1,
'childids' => 95,
'thumb' => '',
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array (
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array (
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array (
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'mpagesize' => '20',
'show' => 'show.html',
'category' => 'category.html',
'list' => 'list.html',
'search' => 'search.html',
),
'linkurl' => '',
'admin' =>
array (
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'member' =>
array (
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'html' => 0,
'chtml' => 0,
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'displayorder' => '0',
'mid' => 'news',
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'topid' => '1',
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array (
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'is_post' => 1,
'tid' => 1,
'url' => 'http://www.ecdoo.com/news-case.html',
'total' => '请使用count标签查询',
'field' =>
array (
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),
96 =>
array (
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'pid' => '1',
'pids' => '0,1',
'name' => '客户管理',
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'childids' => 96,
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array (
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'template' =>
array (
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'category' => 'category.html',
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),
'admin' =>
array (
),
'member' =>
array (
),
'linkurl' => '',
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'chtml' => 0,
),
'displayorder' => '0',
'mid' => 'news',
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'topid' => '1',
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array (
0 => '96',
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'is_post' => 1,
'tid' => 1,
'url' => 'http://www.ecdoo.com/news-client.html',
'total' => '请使用count标签查询',
'field' =>
array (
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),
97 =>
array (
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'pid' => '1',
'pids' => '0,1',
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'childids' => 97,
'thumb' => '',
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array (
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array (
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'category' => 'category.html',
'list' => 'list.html',
'search' => 'search.html',
),
'linkurl' => '',
'admin' =>
array (
),
'member' =>
array (
),
'html' => 0,
'chtml' => 0,
),
'displayorder' => '0',
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array (
0 => '97',
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'is_post' => 1,
'tid' => 1,
'url' => 'http://www.ecdoo.com/news-sales.html',
'total' => '请使用count标签查询',
'field' =>
array (
),
),
98 =>
array (
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'pid' => '1',
'pids' => '0,1',
'name' => '营销诊断',
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'childids' => 98,
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array (
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array (
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array (
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'category' => 'category.html',
'list' => 'list.html',
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),
'linkurl' => '',
'admin' =>
array (
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'member' =>
array (
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'html' => 0,
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'displayorder' => '0',
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array (
0 => '98',
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'is_post' => 1,
'tid' => 1,
'url' => 'http://www.ecdoo.com/news-diagnostic.html',
'total' => '请使用count标签查询',
'field' =>
array (
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),
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array (
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'pid' => '1',
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'name' => '销售技巧',
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'childids' => 99,
'thumb' => '',
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array (
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array (
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'template' =>
array (
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'mpagesize' => '20',
'show' => 'show.html',
'category' => 'category.html',
'list' => 'list.html',
'search' => 'search.html',
),
'linkurl' => '',
'admin' =>
array (
),
'member' =>
array (
),
'html' => 0,
'chtml' => 0,
),
'displayorder' => '0',
'mid' => 'news',
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'topid' => '1',
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array (
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'is_post' => 1,
'tid' => 1,
'url' => 'http://www.ecdoo.com/news-techniques.html',
'total' => '请使用count标签查询',
'field' =>
array (
),
),
100 =>
array (
'id' => '100',
'pid' => '1',
'pids' => '0,1',
'name' => '营销实务',
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'ismain' => 1,
'childids' => 100,
'thumb' => '',
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array (
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array (
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array (
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'show' => 'show.html',
'category' => 'category.html',
'list' => 'list.html',
'search' => 'search.html',
),
'linkurl' => '',
'admin' =>
array (
),
'member' =>
array (
),
'html' => 0,
'chtml' => 0,
),
'displayorder' => '0',
'mid' => 'news',
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'topid' => '1',
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array (
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'is_post' => 1,
'tid' => 1,
'url' => 'http://www.ecdoo.com/news-merchandising.html',
'total' => '请使用count标签查询',
'field' =>
array (
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),
101 =>
array (
'id' => '101',
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'name' => '营销策略',
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'ismain' => 1,
'childids' => 101,
'thumb' => '',
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'setting' =>
array (
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array (
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'template' =>
array (
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'category' => 'category.html',
'list' => 'list.html',
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),
'linkurl' => '',
'admin' =>
array (
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'member' =>
array (
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'html' => 0,
'chtml' => 0,
),
'displayorder' => '0',
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array (
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'is_post' => 1,
'tid' => 1,
'url' => 'http://www.ecdoo.com/news-strategy.html',
'total' => '请使用count标签查询',
'field' =>
array (
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),
102 =>
array (
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'name' => '营销策划',
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array (
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array (
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array (
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'category' => 'category.html',
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),
'linkurl' => '',
'admin' =>
array (
),
'member' =>
array (
),
'html' => 0,
'chtml' => 0,
),
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