英语名词的单双数与同等性
1.并列构做作主语时与谓语的同等干系
a)由and连接两个名词大概代词作主语时
A and B分为以下四种情况：
i. A、B默示不合的人、物大概看法的时候，谓语动词要用双数形式
Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students.
Both the parents and the children are here.
ii. A、B默示统一团体、物大概看法的时候，谓语动词要用双数形式
A journalist and author lives in the sixth flat.
The turner and fitter is under twenty-five.
iii. And连接几个双数主语，主语由each、 every、 no、 many等词润色的时候，谓
语动词要用双数
Each boy and each girl is invited.
Every boy and girl is invited.
No boy and no girl is there now.
iv. A、B为两个不可分的东西时，谓语动词用双数
A law and rule about protecting environment has been drawn up.
Bread and butter is nutritious.
b)由or, not only……but also……, either……or……, neither……nor……连接主语时，谓语的人称和数与靠近的主语同等（留意，论述句和疑问句随语序不合而不合）
Either you or I am mad.
Neither you nor he is naughty.
Not only the farmer but also his family were friendly to me.
c)当主语后跟有with, along with, together with, besides, except, like, including, as well as, rather than等词的时候，谓语动词不受词组的影响，仅和主语连结同等
All but one were here just now.
A library with five thousand books is offered to nation as a gift.
2.单一主语的情况
a)以双数形式末端的名词作主语时，例如physics, maths, economics, news, means, works,等通俗在谓语动词顶用双数形式,固然，若默示双数的意思则另当别论
Physics is very important.
Every means has been tried.
b)默示双部分工具的称呼，衣服称呼等作主语时，例如trousers/pants, shoes, glasses, scissors, goods, clothers等，谓语用双数形式；如果这些词由Pair(suit,
piece, series,kind)+ of润色的时候，谓语动词要用双数
My trousers are white and his clothes are black.
A pair of scissors is lying in that drawer.
可是在these/those pairs (…) of +双数名词之后，谓语动词则用双数形式
These kinds of glasses are popular this summer.
3.动名词，不定式，从句作主语的时候，谓语动词通俗要用双数
To see is to believe.
Swimming is a good way to keep health.
Who is her father is not known.
4.团体名词作主语时
a) mankind/humanity/man（人类）作主语的时候，谓语动词通俗用双数形式
Only man is knows how to cook.
b)由people, police, cattle, youth等团体名词作主语的时候，谓语动词用双数形式
The cattle are grazing in the field.
c) Family, croud, class, public, enemy等团体名词作主语的时候
i.若当团体看，则谓语动词用双数形式
Our class is very diligent.
ii.若他们默示的人大概事物看成若干个一般来看，谓语动词则用双数形式
When I came into the room, his family were watching TV.
iii. A family/group/class作主语时，谓语动词用双数
families/groups/classes作主语时，谓语动词用双数
A group is coming to the zoo.
5.其他情况
a)主语为默示隔断、时候、长度、代价、金额、分量等双数名词的时候，谓语动词用双数形式
3 kilometers is not very far.
Three times three makes nine.
b) one, every/each one, each, anyone, either, neither + of +双数名词
谓语动词通俗用双数形式，因为of之后的双数名词不是主语而是介词of的宾语，of背面的one, every one…才是主语
Neither of them is right.
Each of them has a slide.
c) none of +不可数名词——谓语动词用双数形式
none of +可数名词——谓语动词单复均可
None of that money in the desk is his.
None of his classmates knows the truth.
d)分数或百分数 + of +词组
分数或百分数+ of +词组作主语时，谓语动词的数取决于of后的名词大概代词的数；若名词或代词是双数，谓语动词用双数，若名词或代词是双数，则谓语动词用双数
Three-thirds of the suITce of the earth is sea.
Tens of tons of waste goes into the air with the smoke every day.
e) more than one +(双数名词)+双数动词
more than two +(双数名词)+双数动词
More than one white rose has bloomed.
More than two white roses have bloomed.
f) a (great) number of +双数名词——用双数动词
the number of +任何名词——用双数动词
A great number of tourists have been to the Great Wall.
The number of students in the computer class is limited to ten.
g) the +描述词，默示一类人——谓语动词用双数
the +描述词，默示一类物——谓语动词用双数
The rich are for the decision but the poor are against it.
The beauty is here.
h) every, any, some, no组成的复合词
everyone, everybody, everything
anyone, anybody, anything这些复合词作主语的时候，谓语动词用单
someone, somebody, something数形式
no one, nobody, nothing
Everyone in the class was surprised at the news.
Listen, someone is knocking at the door.
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