昔日纳粹碉堡今日旅行胜地
Nazi fortress becomes tourist attraction
Long considered an ugly Nazi relic， a half-destroyed concrete fortress in Berlin now has become an addition to the German capital's tourist map.
Since April regular guided tours（有向导的旅游） have taken curious visitors into the vast World War II structure to see the turret interiors and the effect of two failed attempts to blow it up after the war.
It is a part of a growing trend in Germany to show a broader view of the war and include German suffering after years of sole attention to the evils of the Nazis.
Tours pass thick walls that resisted bombs and Russian artillery， bare halls and staircases where civilians sheltered and deep shafts which carried anti-aircraft shells from the basement to the rooftop guns seven floors above.
Visitors can also marvel at technology well advanced for its time. The gun steering， for example， was fully automated. A radar tower 300 yards away tracked enemy aircraft and fed signals along cables still visible clinging to the walls.
The fortress is one of six that Adolf Hitler ordered to be built in the German capital to defend it from air attack. His command in September 1940 came just days after Berlin came under a three-hour barrage（拦河坝，堰，阻塞，（敌军行进的）弹幕射击） from Allied planes.
Hitler himself sketched the form the defenses should take with 120-foot-high turrets and guns at each corner.
Financial constraints eventually limited the number to three fortresses， completed by April 1942， although two further structures were built in Hamburg and Vienna.
Each complex（综合性修建） could hold around 15，000 civilians and their 8 foot-6-inch walls were deemed impenetrable.
The post-war Allied occupiers in Berlin decided to destroy most military structures. The British and Russians managed to bring down two of the complexes after several failed attempts.
However， the French were unable to destroy the fortress in their northern Berlin sector， leaving two towers and 1.6 million cubic yards of debris. The latter was partly landscaped（美化）， but the remaining structure has been largely untouched for 50 years.
The Berlin Underworlds Association already runs tours of nearby wartime and Cold War shelters， but preparing the half-demolished air defense fortress for visitors was a task of a different order. It took thousands of hours of volunteer labor to ready the building for show.
The bunkers may not be so well visited as the glass dome on the Reichstag， Germany's parliament building， but interest is growing. Last year 25，000 visited the site compared to 8，000 in 2001.
柏林市内有一座已经损毁过半的混凝土碉堡，耐久以来它不断被视作令人厌烦的纳粹遗址，而现在它却成为德国都城旅游地图上新增的景点。
从四月份开始，导游团常常将猎奇的旅客带往这个庞年夜的二战修建物，不雅观赏炮楼的内部构造和战后两次想要炸毁它却没有乐成的尝试给炮楼带来的影响。
在德国，人们徐徐开始用更宽容的目光来对待那场战役，其中包括那些多年来专门关注纳粹罪行而痛苦不胜的德国人。
不雅观赏纳粹碉堡时，会经由用来抵挡炸弹和指导的厚墙，已经是市夷易近们躲身之地的空荡荡的年夜厅和楼梯，另有很深的坑道，那是用来将防空炮弹从地下室搬到七层上的屋顶，供下面的枪炮利用。
旅客们会很惊讶的看到谁人年代相称先进的技能，好比全主动的射击操作装配。300码开外的一座雷达监视塔可以追踪敌机，并能经由历程至今可见的牢固在墙上的电缆反应信号。
这是阿道夫。希特勒为了保护德国都城免遭空袭而命令修筑的六座碉堡之一。1940年9月，柏林遭到盟军长达3小时的空袭。几天之后，希特勒发出了这条饬令。
希特勒切身起草了防备办法步伐的构造图，图中炮楼有120英尺高，并且每个角落都安有枪炮。
财政重要最终使碉堡的数量缩减为3个，并于1942年4月完工，虽然尔后在汉堡和维也纳又修筑了两座异样的修建。
每座碉堡年夜约能包涵15000名平淡易近，8英尺6英寸厚的墙壁被以为是难以穿透的。
战后柏林的盟军霸占者们决议摧毁尽年夜年夜都军事办法步伐。在屡次尝试失落败后，英国人和IT人终于推倒了其中两座碉堡。
但是，在北柏林，法国人却没法摧毁这座碉堡，留下了两座炮楼和160万立方码的残海后者有部分被人为的润色过，但残余的修建已经有五十年没有窜改过了。
柏林的“年夜地联盟”（Underworlds Association）已经开发了新的旅游项目，景点便是附近那些战时和热战期间留下的防备办法步伐，可是想要把已经毁损过半的防空碉堡出现在旅客刻下是一项非同平常的义务。这座修建在准备接待旅客之前，需要数千小时的义务休息。
这座碉堡年夜概不会像德国国会年夜厦顶上的玻璃圆屋顶那样吸引众多旅客，但人们对它的快乐喜爱正在上升。与2001年的8000名旅客比拟，今年有25000人不雅观赏了这个遗址。

关键字：太空碉堡 旅游胜地 纳粹军歌 太空碉堡卡拉狄加 中国旅游胜地