找准信号词，四六级阅读“目下十行”
在文章的阅读(即略读，skimming)历程中，对文中信息重要性的判定可以匡助读者快速有效地了解段落的年夜意。在阅读历程中，读者可以经由历程探求“信号词”来区分重要信息和非重要信息。以下列出的是阅读历程中罕见的几类“信号词”。
1.以下词组提醒下文所触及的重要信息：
The main / important point / conclusion / reason….
The point to note here…
2.以下词组提醒了下文的构造框架：
There are three major reasons…
3.but和 however默示对比，常常用来提醒重要信息，例如：
The rising birth rate is not due to increased fertility, but to a sharp decline in the death rate.
4.在文中发问可以凸起题目后的谜底，提醒读者谜底中有重要信息，例如：
Why is a piped water supply so important? Disease due to contaminated water is a common cause of death in childhood.
5.偶尔，为了包管读者完全了解自己的不雅观点，作者会在文中频频提出自己的不雅观点，例如：
Death control can be achieved autonomously. In other words, the death rate can be cut without anything else changing.
6.文章的结论每每是极度重要的，因此，读者要在文中探求提醒结论的“信号词”，例如：
Thereforethe result
In conclusionwe can conclude
One of the primary conclusions
7.举例是为了匡助读者了解某一个不雅观点，因此，文中的例子不是阅读文章时的重要信息。在阅读历程中，以下词组提醒读者下文是举例部分信息。
For example/instancelike
Such asthese include
To illustrateamong these are
偶尔，作者也会用破折号或括号来提醒举例信息，例如：
The developing countries are dependent on cash crops– sugar, coffee, cacao, cotton.
Precipitating/violent/unexpected factors are those which reduce the food supply (droughts, floods, wars, epidemics)…
在段落阅读时，读者在看到信号词后，应赓续对下文信息作出响应的判定，例如：
The main reason for (提醒：下文信息重要) the reduction in the death rate in the developing world has been improved public health measures.
For example, (提醒：下文信息不重要，仅仅是为了用来证明前点) in Sri Lanka the death rate was halved over ten years by spraying the mosquitoes which carry malaria.
Why (提醒：题目的谜底中有读者应该关注的重点) is it so easy to cut the death rate in this way and yet so hard to reduce the
birth rate? One answer (提醒：这只是众多谜底中的一种，并不是最重要的。) is that public health measures can be very cheap. Anti-malarial spraying is inexpensive. But this is not the important point (提醒：but背面的是极度重要的信息). For birth control programmes to be successful, a change in attitude is required, whereas death control can be achieved autonomously. In other words,
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