托福测验改错题常考要点及例题申明（上）
一、代词
代词中重要解说六个题目
(一)掌握代词的几种格：主格、宾格、全部格
名词背面用代词来润色，只能用全部格（my books）
(二)反身代词
当主语和宾语默示统一事物时，宾语利用反身代词。
He killed himself.（他自杀了）
He killed him.（自杀了他）
例：Researchers at the University of Colorado are investigating
AB
a series of indicators that could help
C
themselves to predict earthquakes.
D
申明：D错，应改为them。如果用反身代词themselves,指代工具是从句主语that(即名词indicators),这显然是错误的。从句意来看，help的宾语应该是主句主语researchers,故使用代词宾格而不是反身代词。留意C并没有错，模样形状动词could比can语气弱，默示较小的年夜概性。
Indicator为征兆，这些征兆匡助他们来预言地动。主语是征兆，背面指钻研者，不是统一个事物。
(三)代词的单双数，代词的性别
在测验中如果代词打横线，代词错误的概率是极度高的，因此代词打横线，应该先看代词有没有错。
例：The continental divide refers to an imaginary line in the North American Rockies
that divides the waters flowing into the Atlantic Ocean from it flowing into the
ABCD
Pacific.
申明：D错，应改为those。D指代双数名词waters, it是双数，显然是错误的，根据习尚故改为those。留意waters一词并没有错，它指江湖河海中的IT水域，可用双数形式。
Water作为水是不可数名词，waters默示水域，每每利用双数形式，作主语谓语动词用双数。
Work作为义务是不可数名词，work作为作品，可数不可数都可以，例如：
Many of his works= much of his work, work都默示作品
例：In 1920 the presidential candidate Warren Harding coined
A
the word“normalcy”to express social and
B
economic conditions they promised the nation.
CD
申明：D错，应改为he。举措promised是由Warren Harding收返来的，故用第三人称双数he来指代。
例：Many critics believe that Amy Lwell' s most important
A
work is not poetry, but his biography, John
BC
Keats, published the year of her death.
D
申明：C错，应改为her。his指男性，显然是错误的，应改为her与背面的her同指Amy Lowell.
(四) Who和which的区别
which指代事物大概动物，who指代人，who/whom son频频要改为whose son, whose可以指代事物。
例：The human body contains more than six hundred muscles who
A B
account for approximately forty percent of the body weight.
CD
申明：B错，应改为which或that。先行词不是指人，而是指物，干系代词不能用who,故改为which或that。
人体背面加定冠词the, account for据有多年夜的比例，注释申明。
(五) that和which的区别
介词背面利用which,而不用that,in that除外
例：When television was first introduced, the extent to that it
AB
would affect society could not have been foreseen.
CD
申明：B错，应改为which。The extent to which,介词加which(指导定语从句)，影响社会的程度没有被预见
(六)定语从句的特别省略
Reason背面有定语从句，中心频频省略why, Time背面有定语从句，中心频频省略when，way背面有定语从句，中心省略了in which。
I do remember the time I heard the sweetest voice in the wild world.
例：Research on pain has been neglected, although the mainly
AB
reason people take medicine is to relieve pain.
C D
申明：B错，应改为main。mainly为副词，不能个饰背面的名词，故改为描述词main。句子中people take medicine润色reason，定语从句指导词被省略
例：Commercial expansion from city to suburb has
affected the way people in the United States----.
(A) living and working
(B) they live and work
(C) live and work
(D) to live and to work
申明：选择C, the way people....影响了人们糊口和义务的体例。

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