For the past three years，the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has been working to develop a new encryption standard to keep government information secure．The organization is in the final stages of an open process of selecting one or more algorithms，or data-scrambling formulas，for the new Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and plans to make adecision by late summer or early fall．The standard is slated to go into effect next year．
　　AES is intended to be a stronger，more efficient successor to Triple Data Encryption Standard (3DES)，which replaced the aging DES，which was cracked in less than three days in July 1998．
　　"Until we have the AES，3DES will still offer protection for years to come．So there is no need to immediately switch over，"says Edward Roback， acting chief of the computer security division at NIST and chairman of the AES selection committee．"What AES will offer is a more efficient algorithm．It will be a federal standard，but it will be widely implemented in the IT community．"
　　According to Roback，efficiency of the proposed algorithms is measured by how fast they can encrypt and decrypt information，how fast they can present an encryption key and how much information they can encrypt．
　　The AES review committee is also looking at how much space the algorithm takes up on a chip and how much memory it requires．Roback says the selection of a more efficient AES will also result in cost savings and better use of resources．
　　"DES was designed for hardware implementations，and we are now living in a world of much more efficient software，and we have learned an awful lot about the design of algorithms，"says Roback．"When you start multiplying this with the billions of implementations done daily，the saving on overhead on the networks will be enormous．"
　　The process of selecting the algorithm for AES has been notable for its openness and transparency．This is a marked departure from the government"在我们拥有AES之前，3DES还将在往后几年供给保护。所以没有需要马上转换。AES所供给的是一种更有效的算法。它将是一项联邦尺度，但它将在IT界 遍及实施。"
　　据Roback称，发起中的算法的苦守是经由历程对信息加密息争密有多快、给出加密密钥有多快以及能对多少信息加密等几个方面举行测量的。
　　AES评价委员会也要看算法占有芯片上多少空间和需要多少内存。Roback说，选择一个更高效的AES也会带来成本的节省和本钱的更好使用。
　　Roback说："DES是为硬件完成而计划的，而我们现在处于软件更高效的世界，我们对算法的计划有极多的了解。当我们开始年夜范围利用此算法，每天完成几十亿次的加密时，（算法带来的）搜集开支的节省将是庞年夜的。"
　　为AES选择算法的历程因此其公开性和透明度称着。这标记着政府从以往讨论加密标定时偏向于失密的做法一刀两断，它招致了政府在断言DES 尺度照旧平安时被公开破译。
　　NIST在1997年9月开始这个选择历程。1998年8月和 1999年3月召开了集会，来自全世界的暗码专家讨论了候选的算法，匡助把算法淘汰到15 个，末了到了5个：IBM的MARS算法，RSA尝试室的RC6算法、Joan Daemen和Vincent Rijmen两人的Rijndael算法、Eli Baham和Lars Knudsen两人的Serpent算法以及Counterpane 尝试室的Twofish算法。
　　年夜年夜都算法判定者都选择一个作尺度以防止庞大性，但也有一小部分人要选择多个算法。

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