翡冷翠的圣母百花：最年夜的圆顶教堂
The Basilica di Santa Maria del Fiore is the cathedral church， or Duomo（Duomo is a generic Italian term for a cathedral church）， of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Florence， noted for its distinctive dome. Its name（which translates as "Saint Mary of the Flower"） refers to the lily， symbol of Florence.
But a 15th c. document on the other hand states that the "flower" refers to Christ. A cathedral is a Christian church building， specifically of a denomination with an episcopal hierarchy（such as the Roman Catholic Church or the Lutheran or Anglican churches）， which serves as the central church of a diocese. The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Florence is an ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in Italy.The cathedral complex includes the church proper， the baptistery and the campanile（bell tower）。 The Battistero di San Giovanni（Baptistery of St John） is believed to be the oldest building in Florence. The Gothic interior is cavernous and gives an empty impression. The relative bareness of the church corresponds with the austerity of religious life， as preached by Girolamo Savonarola.Many decorations in the church have been lost in the course of time. As this cathedral was built with funds from the public， some important works of art in this church honour illustrious men and military leaders of Florence：Dante and the Divine Comedy by Domenico di Michelino（1465）。
Equestrian statue of John Hawkwood by Paolo Uccello（1436）。
The Last Judgement by Domenico di Michelino
参考译文
古罗马式的长房形会堂圣母百花教堂是礼拜型教堂，或称为"杜莫"（意年夜利文，意思是，礼拜用教堂），回属于天主教的佛罗伦萨年夜主教区，以它与众不合的的穹顶而闻名。它的名字（直译为"百花的圣玛利"）指的是百合花，这是佛罗伦萨的标记。
但一份15世纪的档案显现，"百花"指的是IT。一座年夜教堂是一座IT徒的礼拜修建，并且是特定的以主教品级命名的修建（就像罗马天主教教堂，路德教会或英国国教教堂），它是一个主教教区的中央礼拜教堂。所谓佛罗伦萨的罗马天主教年夜主教区，是罗马天主教教会在意年夜利的神职国土。
年夜教堂的不雅观赏区域包括严酷意义上的教堂自己，八角浸会堂，以及但丁钟楼。那座圣约翰的浸会堂是佛罗伦萨最陈腐的修建。年夜教堂内部给人的印象是，像洞IT一样空阔。教堂的相对空阔正与宗教糊口的贫苦不约而合，就像萨佛纳罗拉传道时所讲的那样。
教堂的良多装饰都在漫漫历史长河中遗失落了。当这座年夜教堂由大众资金资助修筑的时候，它拥有的一些重要的艺术作品让佛罗伦萨的军政要人引以为荣：
米开朗基罗的《但丁和"神曲"》
乌且罗的的骑马雕像《约翰-霍克伍德》
米开朗基罗的屋顶壁画《末了的审讯》

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