全国大众英语测验语法——分词的时态
1）与主语动词同时，
Hearing the news, he jumped with joy.听到这一动静，他愉快到手舞足蹈。
Arriving there, they found the boy dead.刚一到那边，他们就发明那男孩去世了。
典范例题
The secretary worked late into the night, ___a long speech for the president.
A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing
谜底B.此处没有连词，不能选D，不然出现了两个谓语动词worked和was preparing。只能在B，C中选一个。又因前后两个举措同时发作，且与主语为主动干系，使用现在分词。
2）先于主动词
While walking in the garden，he hurt his leg.在花圃里漫步时他伤了腿。
分词作时候状语，如果先与主动词的举措，且夸张先后，要用having done。
Having finished his homework, he went out.
=As he had finished his homework, he went out.
做完功课后，他出往了。
典范例题
___ a reply, he decided to write again.
A. Not receivingB. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received
谜底C.本题考察分词的时态与分词的否定式。根据题意判定，分词的举措（接信）发作在谓语动词的举措（刻意再写信）之前，因此用分词的完成式。分词的否定式的组成为not +分词，故选C。该句可了解为：Because he had not received a reply, he decided to write again.

关键字：分词时态和语态 英语语法时态 英语语法分词 语法时态 初中语法时态